Earthworms encourage the growth of micro organisms in their gut by providing ideal conditions therein. Bacteria and actinomycetes which are important in waste degradation increase exponentially along the length of its tubular bioreactor, reaching densities about 1000 times greater than in the surrounding soil. However, E. coli, salmonella and other pathogens are destroyed due to competition from the active microflora and intestinal secretions. Most of the human pathogens are anaerobic and cannot survive in the highly aerobic micro-environment created by the earthworms.

Earthworms produce castings with balanced plant nutrients. Vermicompost also has immobilised micro flora which continue their function in the soil. It is rich in vitamins, enzymes, antibiotics and growth hormones. Earthworms play a key role in soil biology by serving as bioreactors to effectively harness the beneficial soil microflora and destroy soil pathogens, thus converting organic wastes into valuable Bio-Fertilizer with Bio-Pesticides, Vitamins, Enzymes, Antibiotics, Growth Hormones and Protein rich worm mass.